class: left, bottom, title-slide .title[ # Game Developers Leveling Up ] .subtitle[ ## New Insights into Self-Directed Learning ] .author[ ### Bret Staudt Willet, Zhongyu Wang, & Jiabei Xu | Florida State University ] .date[ ### October 23, 2025 ] --- class: inverse, center, middle # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 576 512" style="height:1em;width:1.12em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M160 32c-35.3 0-64 28.7-64 64V320c0 35.3 28.7 64 64 64H512c35.3 0 64-28.7 64-64V96c0-35.3-28.7-64-64-64H160zM396 138.7l96 144c4.9 7.4 5.4 16.8 1.2 24.6S480.9 320 472 320H328 280 200c-9.2 0-17.6-5.3-21.6-13.6s-2.9-18.2 2.9-25.4l64-80c4.6-5.7 11.4-9 18.7-9s14.2 3.3 18.7 9l17.3 21.6 56-84C360.5 132 368 128 376 128s15.5 4 20 10.7zM192 128a32 32 0 1 1 64 0 32 32 0 1 1 -64 0zM48 120c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24S0 106.7 0 120V344c0 75.1 60.9 136 136 136H456c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24s-10.7-24-24-24H136c-48.6 0-88-39.4-88-88V120z"/></svg> **View the slides:** [bretsw.com/aect25-sdl](https://bretsw.com/aect25-sdl/) --- class: inverse, center, middle # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M464 256A208 208 0 1 0 48 256a208 208 0 1 0 416 0zM0 256a256 256 0 1 1 512 0A256 256 0 1 1 0 256zm306.7 69.1L162.4 380.6c-19.4 7.5-38.5-11.6-31-31l55.5-144.3c3.3-8.5 9.9-15.1 18.4-18.4l144.3-55.5c19.4-7.5 38.5 11.6 31 31L325.1 306.7c-3.2 8.5-9.9 15.1-18.4 18.4zM288 256a32 32 0 1 0 -64 0 32 32 0 1 0 64 0z"/></svg> <br><br> Introduction --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M464 256A208 208 0 1 0 48 256a208 208 0 1 0 416 0zM0 256a256 256 0 1 1 512 0A256 256 0 1 1 0 256zm306.7 69.1L162.4 380.6c-19.4 7.5-38.5-11.6-31-31l55.5-144.3c3.3-8.5 9.9-15.1 18.4-18.4l144.3-55.5c19.4-7.5 38.5 11.6 31 31L325.1 306.7c-3.2 8.5-9.9 15.1-18.4 18.4zM288 256a32 32 0 1 0 -64 0 32 32 0 1 0 64 0z"/></svg> A Volatile Industry <img src="img/game-controller.png" width="600px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> -- Changes in the video game industry: -- - Repeating rounds of layoffs -- - Shifting market interest to genres like dating simulators and role-playing games (RPGs) -- - Emerging technologies (AR, VR, AI) --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M464 256A208 208 0 1 0 48 256a208 208 0 1 0 416 0zM0 256a256 256 0 1 1 512 0A256 256 0 1 1 0 256zm306.7 69.1L162.4 380.6c-19.4 7.5-38.5-11.6-31-31l55.5-144.3c3.3-8.5 9.9-15.1 18.4-18.4l144.3-55.5c19.4-7.5 38.5 11.6 31 31L325.1 306.7c-3.2 8.5-9.9 15.1-18.4 18.4zM288 256a32 32 0 1 0 -64 0 32 32 0 1 0 64 0z"/></svg> Workplace Learning <img src="img/bored-dev.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> -- Corporate training and mandated professional development can't keep up -- and struggles to engage learners -- <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 278.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L338.8 224 32 224c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32l306.7 0L233.4 393.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l160-160z"/></svg> 80% of workplace learning is informal (Yeo, 2008) --- class: inverse, center, middle # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M384 80c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16V416c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16H64c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V96c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16H384zM64 32C28.7 32 0 60.7 0 96V416c0 35.3 28.7 64 64 64H384c35.3 0 64-28.7 64-64V96c0-35.3-28.7-64-64-64H64z"/></svg> <br><br> Framework --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M384 80c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16V416c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16H64c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V96c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16H384zM64 32C28.7 32 0 60.7 0 96V416c0 35.3 28.7 64 64 64H384c35.3 0 64-28.7 64-64V96c0-35.3-28.7-64-64-64H64z"/></svg> Self-Directed Learning <img src="img/learning.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> -- **Intentionality** -- **\+** -- **Autonomy** --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M384 80c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16V416c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16H64c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V96c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16H384zM64 32C28.7 32 0 60.7 0 96V416c0 35.3 28.7 64 64 64H384c35.3 0 64-28.7 64-64V96c0-35.3-28.7-64-64-64H64z"/></svg> Self-Directed Learning <img src="img/learning.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> Intentionality <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 278.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L338.8 224 32 224c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32l306.7 0L233.4 393.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l160-160z"/></svg> **Designer** **\+** Autonomy <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M438.6 278.6c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-160-160c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L338.8 224 32 224c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32l306.7 0L233.4 393.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l160-160z"/></svg> **Agent** --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M384 80c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16V416c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16H64c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V96c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16H384zM64 32C28.7 32 0 60.7 0 96V416c0 35.3 28.7 64 64 64H384c35.3 0 64-28.7 64-64V96c0-35.3-28.7-64-64-64H64z"/></svg> Context-Aware Self-Teaching <img src="img/context-aware.png" width="600px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ### As Designer & Agent: **SPA** -- 1. **Start:** <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 320 512" style="height:1em;width:0.62em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M16 144a144 144 0 1 1 288 0A144 144 0 1 1 16 144zM160 80c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16s-7.2-16-16-16c-53 0-96 43-96 96c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16s16-7.2 16-16c0-35.3 28.7-64 64-64zM128 480V317.1c10.4 1.9 21.1 2.9 32 2.9s21.6-1 32-2.9V480c0 17.7-14.3 32-32 32s-32-14.3-32-32z"/></svg> Goal + <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 576 512" style="height:1em;width:1.12em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M575.8 255.5c0 18-15 32.1-32 32.1h-32l.7 160.2c.2 35.5-28.5 64.3-64 64.3H128.1c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V287.6H32c-18 0-32-14-32-32.1c0-9 3-17 10-24L266.4 8c7-7 15-8 22-8s15 2 21 7L564.8 231.5c8 7 12 15 11 24zM352 224a64 64 0 1 0 -128 0 64 64 0 1 0 128 0zm-96 96c-44.2 0-80 35.8-80 80c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16H384c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16c0-44.2-35.8-80-80-80H256z"/></svg> Context -- 2. **Practice:** <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 320 512" style="height:1em;width:0.62em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M160 48a48 48 0 1 1 96 0 48 48 0 1 1 -96 0zM126.5 199.3c-1 .4-1.9 .8-2.9 1.2l-8 3.5c-16.4 7.3-29 21.2-34.7 38.2l-2.6 7.8c-5.6 16.8-23.7 25.8-40.5 20.2s-25.8-23.7-20.2-40.5l2.6-7.8c11.4-34.1 36.6-61.9 69.4-76.5l8-3.5c20.8-9.2 43.3-14 66.1-14c44.6 0 84.8 26.8 101.9 67.9L281 232.7l21.4 10.7c15.8 7.9 22.2 27.1 14.3 42.9s-27.1 22.2-42.9 14.3L247 287.3c-10.3-5.2-18.4-13.8-22.8-24.5l-9.6-23-19.3 65.5 49.5 54c5.4 5.9 9.2 13 11.2 20.8l23 92.1c4.3 17.1-6.1 34.5-23.3 38.8s-34.5-6.1-38.8-23.3l-22-88.1-70.7-77.1c-14.8-16.1-20.3-38.6-14.7-59.7l16.9-63.5zM68.7 398l25-62.4c2.1 3 4.5 5.8 7 8.6l40.7 44.4-14.5 36.2c-2.4 6-6 11.5-10.6 16.1L54.6 502.6c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0s-12.5-32.8 0-45.3L68.7 398z"/></svg> Exploration + <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 640 512" style="height:1em;width:1.25em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M64 64a64 64 0 1 1 128 0A64 64 0 1 1 64 64zM25.9 233.4C29.3 191.9 64 160 105.6 160h44.8c27 0 51 13.4 65.5 34.1c-2.7 1.9-5.2 4-7.5 6.3l-64 64c-21.9 21.9-21.9 57.3 0 79.2L192 391.2V464c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H112c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V348.3c-26.5-9.5-44.7-35.8-42.2-65.6l4.1-49.3zM448 64a64 64 0 1 1 128 0A64 64 0 1 1 448 64zM431.6 200.4c-2.3-2.3-4.9-4.4-7.5-6.3c14.5-20.7 38.6-34.1 65.5-34.1h44.8c41.6 0 76.3 31.9 79.7 73.4l4.1 49.3c2.5 29.8-15.7 56.1-42.2 65.6V464c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H496c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V391.2l47.6-47.6c21.9-21.9 21.9-57.3 0-79.2l-64-64zM272 240v32h96V240c0-9.7 5.8-18.5 14.8-22.2s19.3-1.7 26.2 5.2l64 64c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-64 64c-6.9 6.9-17.2 8.9-26.2 5.2s-14.8-12.5-14.8-22.2V336H272v32c0 9.7-5.8 18.5-14.8 22.2s-19.3 1.7-26.2-5.2l-64-64c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l64-64c6.9-6.9 17.2-8.9 26.2-5.2s14.8 12.5 14.8 22.2z"/></svg> Supports -- 3. **Assess:** <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M0 256a256 256 0 1 1 512 0A256 256 0 1 1 0 256zM288 96a32 32 0 1 0 -64 0 32 32 0 1 0 64 0zM256 416c35.3 0 64-28.7 64-64c0-17.4-6.9-33.1-18.1-44.6L366 161.7c5.3-12.1-.2-26.3-12.3-31.6s-26.3 .2-31.6 12.3L257.9 288c-.6 0-1.3 0-1.9 0c-35.3 0-64 28.7-64 64s28.7 64 64 64zM176 144a32 32 0 1 0 -64 0 32 32 0 1 0 64 0zM96 288a32 32 0 1 0 0-64 32 32 0 1 0 0 64zm352-32a32 32 0 1 0 -64 0 32 32 0 1 0 64 0z"/></svg> Maintenance of Difficulty Level + <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M.2 468.9C2.7 493.1 23.1 512 48 512l96 0 320 0c26.5 0 48-21.5 48-48l0-96c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48l-48 0 0 80c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-80-64 0 0 80c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-80-64 0 0 80c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-80-80 0c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16s7.2-16 16-16l80 0 0-64-80 0c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16s7.2-16 16-16l80 0 0-64-80 0c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16s7.2-16 16-16l80 0 0-48c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48L48 0C21.5 0 0 21.5 0 48L0 368l0 96c0 1.7 .1 3.3 .2 4.9z"/></svg> Evaluation --- class: inverse, center, middle # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 320 512" style="height:1em;width:0.62em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M16 144a144 144 0 1 1 288 0A144 144 0 1 1 16 144zM160 80c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16s-7.2-16-16-16c-53 0-96 43-96 96c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16s16-7.2 16-16c0-35.3 28.7-64 64-64zM128 480V317.1c10.4 1.9 21.1 2.9 32 2.9s21.6-1 32-2.9V480c0 17.7-14.3 32-32 32s-32-14.3-32-32z"/></svg> <br><br> Purpose --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 320 512" style="height:1em;width:0.62em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M16 144a144 144 0 1 1 288 0A144 144 0 1 1 16 144zM160 80c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16s-7.2-16-16-16c-53 0-96 43-96 96c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16s16-7.2 16-16c0-35.3 28.7-64 64-64zM128 480V317.1c10.4 1.9 21.1 2.9 32 2.9s21.6-1 32-2.9V480c0 17.7-14.3 32-32 32s-32-14.3-32-32z"/></svg> Purpose <img src="img/game-dev.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> -- **To explore how game developers engage in SDL to acquire and enhance their professional skills:** -- - RQ1. **What reasons** prompt game developers to engage in SDL? -- - RQ2. How do game developers **navigate challenges** they face during SDL? --- class: inverse, center, middle # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M40 48C26.7 48 16 58.7 16 72v48c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24H88c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V72c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24H40zM192 64c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32H480c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32s-14.3-32-32-32H192zm0 160c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32H480c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32s-14.3-32-32-32H192zm0 160c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32H480c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32s-14.3-32-32-32H192zM16 232v48c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24H88c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V232c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24H40c-13.3 0-24 10.7-24 24zM40 368c-13.3 0-24 10.7-24 24v48c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24H88c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V392c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24H40z"/></svg> <br><br> Method --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M40 48C26.7 48 16 58.7 16 72v48c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24H88c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V72c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24H40zM192 64c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32H480c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32s-14.3-32-32-32H192zm0 160c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32H480c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32s-14.3-32-32-32H192zm0 160c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32H480c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32s-14.3-32-32-32H192zM16 232v48c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24H88c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V232c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24H40c-13.3 0-24 10.7-24 24zM40 368c-13.3 0-24 10.7-24 24v48c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24H88c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V392c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24H40z"/></svg> Method: Design <img src="img/interview.jpg" width="720px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ### Exploratory Qualitative Study | One-on-one interviews --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M40 48C26.7 48 16 58.7 16 72v48c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24H88c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V72c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24H40zM192 64c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32H480c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32s-14.3-32-32-32H192zm0 160c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32H480c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32s-14.3-32-32-32H192zm0 160c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32H480c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32s-14.3-32-32-32H192zM16 232v48c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24H88c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V232c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24H40c-13.3 0-24 10.7-24 24zM40 368c-13.3 0-24 10.7-24 24v48c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24H88c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V392c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24H40z"/></svg> Method: Participants (*n* = 12) | Name | Sector | Role | Experience | Training | |---------------|----------|----------------------------|----------------------|----------| | Adele | Industry | Producer, Director | 1–3 years | Yes | | Creative Cat | Academia | Game Developer | 4-6 years | Yes | | Daniel | Industry | Level Designer | > 10 years | Yes | | Dorothy | Industry | Automation, UX | 4-6 years | Yes | | Elena | Industry | Localization Producer | 7-10 years | No | | Helen | Industry | Gameplay Engineer | > 10 years | Yes | | Lily | Academia | Game Developer | < 1 year | No | | Mana | Industry | Writer, Director | 1–3 years | No | | Mango Badger | Industry | Narrative Designer | 1–3 years | No | | Ryan | Academia | Game Developer | 7-10 years | No | | Scorpion | Industry | Composer | > 10 years | Yes | | Sean | Industry | Game Executive | > 10 years | No | --- class: inverse, center, middle # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M192 64v64c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h64c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V64c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32H224c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32zM82.7 207c-15.3 8.8-20.5 28.4-11.7 43.7l32 55.4c8.8 15.3 28.4 20.5 43.7 11.7l55.4-32c15.3-8.8 20.5-28.4 11.7-43.7l-32-55.4c-8.8-15.3-28.4-20.5-43.7-11.7L82.7 207zM288 192c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32v64c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h64c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V224c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32H288zm64 160c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32v64c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h64c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V384c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32H352zM160 384v64c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h64c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V384c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32H192c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32zM32 352c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32v64c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32H96c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V384c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32H32z"/></svg> <br><br> Results --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M192 64v64c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h64c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V64c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32H224c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32zM82.7 207c-15.3 8.8-20.5 28.4-11.7 43.7l32 55.4c8.8 15.3 28.4 20.5 43.7 11.7l55.4-32c15.3-8.8 20.5-28.4 11.7-43.7l-32-55.4c-8.8-15.3-28.4-20.5-43.7-11.7L82.7 207zM288 192c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32v64c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h64c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V224c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32H288zm64 160c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32v64c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h64c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V384c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32H352zM160 384v64c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h64c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V384c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32H192c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32zM32 352c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32v64c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32H96c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V384c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32H32z"/></svg> Results: Themes | Research Question | Theme | Subthemes | |-------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|----------------------------------| | RQ1. What reasons prompt game developers to engage in SDL? | External Motivations| Social Factors, <br>Process Factors, <br>Financial Factors | | | Internal Motivations| Curiosity, <br>Openness, <br>Excellence | | RQ2. How do game developers navigate challenges they face during SDL? | Processes | Trial-and-Error, <br>Self-Evaluation | | | Supports | Social Supports, <br>Workplace Supports, <br>Tools | --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M256 32c12.5 0 24.1 6.4 30.8 17L503.4 394.4c5.6 8.9 8.6 19.2 8.6 29.7c0 30.9-25 55.9-55.9 55.9H55.9C25 480 0 455 0 424.1c0-10.5 3-20.8 8.6-29.7L225.2 49c6.6-10.6 18.3-17 30.8-17zm65 192L256 120.4 176.9 246.5l18.3 24.4c6.4 8.5 19.2 8.5 25.6 0l25.6-34.1c6-8.1 15.5-12.8 25.6-12.8h49z"/></svg> Results: RQ1 (Start) <img src="img/hikers-peak.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> **RQ1. What reasons prompt game developers to engage in SDL?** --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M256 32c12.5 0 24.1 6.4 30.8 17L503.4 394.4c5.6 8.9 8.6 19.2 8.6 29.7c0 30.9-25 55.9-55.9 55.9H55.9C25 480 0 455 0 424.1c0-10.5 3-20.8 8.6-29.7L225.2 49c6.6-10.6 18.3-17 30.8-17zm65 192L256 120.4 176.9 246.5l18.3 24.4c6.4 8.5 19.2 8.5 25.6 0l25.6-34.1c6-8.1 15.5-12.8 25.6-12.8h49z"/></svg> Results: RQ1 (Start) <img src="img/hikers-peak.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ### External Motivations: Social Factors <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M0 216C0 149.7 53.7 96 120 96h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H64c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216zm256 0c0-66.3 53.7-120 120-120h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H320c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216z"/></svg> "I want to do right by people, to do my part, so that they can do their part, and we can all look at this thing at the end and be like, wow, I was part of that." **~Mana** --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M256 32c12.5 0 24.1 6.4 30.8 17L503.4 394.4c5.6 8.9 8.6 19.2 8.6 29.7c0 30.9-25 55.9-55.9 55.9H55.9C25 480 0 455 0 424.1c0-10.5 3-20.8 8.6-29.7L225.2 49c6.6-10.6 18.3-17 30.8-17zm65 192L256 120.4 176.9 246.5l18.3 24.4c6.4 8.5 19.2 8.5 25.6 0l25.6-34.1c6-8.1 15.5-12.8 25.6-12.8h49z"/></svg> Results: RQ1 (Start) <img src="img/hikers-peak.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ### External Motivations: Process Factors <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M0 216C0 149.7 53.7 96 120 96h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H64c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216zm256 0c0-66.3 53.7-120 120-120h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H320c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216z"/></svg> "How can I get to my end goal with as least friction as possible without bothering people in the interim?" **~Dorothy** --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M256 32c12.5 0 24.1 6.4 30.8 17L503.4 394.4c5.6 8.9 8.6 19.2 8.6 29.7c0 30.9-25 55.9-55.9 55.9H55.9C25 480 0 455 0 424.1c0-10.5 3-20.8 8.6-29.7L225.2 49c6.6-10.6 18.3-17 30.8-17zm65 192L256 120.4 176.9 246.5l18.3 24.4c6.4 8.5 19.2 8.5 25.6 0l25.6-34.1c6-8.1 15.5-12.8 25.6-12.8h49z"/></svg> Results: RQ1 (Start) <img src="img/hikers-peak.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ### External Motivations: Financial Factors **Scorpion:** A stable job during a recession provided the foundation to explore their interests in a sustainable way --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M256 32c12.5 0 24.1 6.4 30.8 17L503.4 394.4c5.6 8.9 8.6 19.2 8.6 29.7c0 30.9-25 55.9-55.9 55.9H55.9C25 480 0 455 0 424.1c0-10.5 3-20.8 8.6-29.7L225.2 49c6.6-10.6 18.3-17 30.8-17zm65 192L256 120.4 176.9 246.5l18.3 24.4c6.4 8.5 19.2 8.5 25.6 0l25.6-34.1c6-8.1 15.5-12.8 25.6-12.8h49z"/></svg> Results: RQ1 (Start) <img src="img/hikers-peak.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ### Internal Motivations: Curiosity <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M0 216C0 149.7 53.7 96 120 96h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H64c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216zm256 0c0-66.3 53.7-120 120-120h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H320c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216z"/></svg> "The key to art is curiosity." **~Scorpion** --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M256 32c12.5 0 24.1 6.4 30.8 17L503.4 394.4c5.6 8.9 8.6 19.2 8.6 29.7c0 30.9-25 55.9-55.9 55.9H55.9C25 480 0 455 0 424.1c0-10.5 3-20.8 8.6-29.7L225.2 49c6.6-10.6 18.3-17 30.8-17zm65 192L256 120.4 176.9 246.5l18.3 24.4c6.4 8.5 19.2 8.5 25.6 0l25.6-34.1c6-8.1 15.5-12.8 25.6-12.8h49z"/></svg> Results: RQ1 (Start) <img src="img/hikers-peak.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ### Internal Motivations: Openness <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M0 216C0 149.7 53.7 96 120 96h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H64c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216zm256 0c0-66.3 53.7-120 120-120h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H320c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216z"/></svg> "I felt like I could learn a lot from working with 3D people, working with 2D people, working with a writer, working with composers, working with sound effects, voice actors." **~Adele** --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M256 32c12.5 0 24.1 6.4 30.8 17L503.4 394.4c5.6 8.9 8.6 19.2 8.6 29.7c0 30.9-25 55.9-55.9 55.9H55.9C25 480 0 455 0 424.1c0-10.5 3-20.8 8.6-29.7L225.2 49c6.6-10.6 18.3-17 30.8-17zm65 192L256 120.4 176.9 246.5l18.3 24.4c6.4 8.5 19.2 8.5 25.6 0l25.6-34.1c6-8.1 15.5-12.8 25.6-12.8h49z"/></svg> Results: RQ1 (Start) <img src="img/hikers-peak.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ### Internal Motivations: Excellence <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M0 216C0 149.7 53.7 96 120 96h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H64c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216zm256 0c0-66.3 53.7-120 120-120h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H320c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216z"/></svg> "The internal motivation is that I want to do well at whatever I’m doing." **~Mana** --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M52.5 440.6c-9.5 7.9-22.8 9.7-34.1 4.4S0 428.4 0 416V96C0 83.6 7.2 72.3 18.4 67s24.5-3.6 34.1 4.4L224 214.3V256v41.7L52.5 440.6zM256 352V256 128 96c0-12.4 7.2-23.7 18.4-29s24.5-3.6 34.1 4.4l192 160c7.3 6.1 11.5 15.1 11.5 24.6s-4.2 18.5-11.5 24.6l-192 160c-9.5 7.9-22.8 9.7-34.1 4.4s-18.4-16.6-18.4-29V352z"/></svg> Results: RQ2 (Practice) <img src="img/hikers-steep.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> **RQ2. How do game developers navigate challenges they face during SDL?** --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M52.5 440.6c-9.5 7.9-22.8 9.7-34.1 4.4S0 428.4 0 416V96C0 83.6 7.2 72.3 18.4 67s24.5-3.6 34.1 4.4L224 214.3V256v41.7L52.5 440.6zM256 352V256 128 96c0-12.4 7.2-23.7 18.4-29s24.5-3.6 34.1 4.4l192 160c7.3 6.1 11.5 15.1 11.5 24.6s-4.2 18.5-11.5 24.6l-192 160c-9.5 7.9-22.8 9.7-34.1 4.4s-18.4-16.6-18.4-29V352z"/></svg> Results: RQ2 (Practice) <img src="img/hikers-steep.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ### Processes: Trial-and-Error <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M0 216C0 149.7 53.7 96 120 96h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H64c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216zm256 0c0-66.3 53.7-120 120-120h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H320c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216z"/></svg> "It's even before necessarily knowing what you need to do, just sort of immersing yourselves into those spaces so that you're casually absorbing information even if you don't need it yet." **~Mana** --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M52.5 440.6c-9.5 7.9-22.8 9.7-34.1 4.4S0 428.4 0 416V96C0 83.6 7.2 72.3 18.4 67s24.5-3.6 34.1 4.4L224 214.3V256v41.7L52.5 440.6zM256 352V256 128 96c0-12.4 7.2-23.7 18.4-29s24.5-3.6 34.1 4.4l192 160c7.3 6.1 11.5 15.1 11.5 24.6s-4.2 18.5-11.5 24.6l-192 160c-9.5 7.9-22.8 9.7-34.1 4.4s-18.4-16.6-18.4-29V352z"/></svg> Results: RQ2 (Practice) <img src="img/hikers-steep.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ### Processes: Trial-and-Error <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M0 216C0 149.7 53.7 96 120 96h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H64c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216zm256 0c0-66.3 53.7-120 120-120h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H320c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216z"/></svg> "Past hurdles I’ve overcome mediate how outside the box I can think." **~Ryan** --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M52.5 440.6c-9.5 7.9-22.8 9.7-34.1 4.4S0 428.4 0 416V96C0 83.6 7.2 72.3 18.4 67s24.5-3.6 34.1 4.4L224 214.3V256v41.7L52.5 440.6zM256 352V256 128 96c0-12.4 7.2-23.7 18.4-29s24.5-3.6 34.1 4.4l192 160c7.3 6.1 11.5 15.1 11.5 24.6s-4.2 18.5-11.5 24.6l-192 160c-9.5 7.9-22.8 9.7-34.1 4.4s-18.4-16.6-18.4-29V352z"/></svg> Results: RQ2 (Practice) <img src="img/hikers-steep.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ### Supports: Workplace Supports **Adele and Mana:** The makeup and culture of their indie team was a workplace support in itself --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M52.5 440.6c-9.5 7.9-22.8 9.7-34.1 4.4S0 428.4 0 416V96C0 83.6 7.2 72.3 18.4 67s24.5-3.6 34.1 4.4L224 214.3V256v41.7L52.5 440.6zM256 352V256 128 96c0-12.4 7.2-23.7 18.4-29s24.5-3.6 34.1 4.4l192 160c7.3 6.1 11.5 15.1 11.5 24.6s-4.2 18.5-11.5 24.6l-192 160c-9.5 7.9-22.8 9.7-34.1 4.4s-18.4-16.6-18.4-29V352z"/></svg> Results: RQ2 (Assess) <img src="img/hikers-steep.png" width="680px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ### Self-Evaluation <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" style="height:1em;width:0.88em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M0 216C0 149.7 53.7 96 120 96h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H64c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216zm256 0c0-66.3 53.7-120 120-120h8c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32h-8c-30.9 0-56 25.1-56 56v8h64c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v64c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H320c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V320 288 216z"/></svg> "Through these last years, I have a lot of projects that are kind of midway through. So now my objective is to finish up that work using these new tools." **~Daniel** --- class: inverse, center, middle # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 320 512" style="height:1em;width:0.62em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M16 144a144 144 0 1 1 288 0A144 144 0 1 1 16 144zM160 80c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16s-7.2-16-16-16c-53 0-96 43-96 96c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16s16-7.2 16-16c0-35.3 28.7-64 64-64zM128 480V317.1c10.4 1.9 21.1 2.9 32 2.9s21.6-1 32-2.9V480c0 17.7-14.3 32-32 32s-32-14.3-32-32z"/></svg> <br><br> Implications --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 320 512" style="height:1em;width:0.62em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M16 144a144 144 0 1 1 288 0A144 144 0 1 1 16 144zM160 80c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16s-7.2-16-16-16c-53 0-96 43-96 96c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16s16-7.2 16-16c0-35.3 28.7-64 64-64zM128 480V317.1c10.4 1.9 21.1 2.9 32 2.9s21.6-1 32-2.9V480c0 17.7-14.3 32-32 32s-32-14.3-32-32z"/></svg> Implications <img src="img/game-controller.png" width="720px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> -- 1. SDL can help enhance game developers’ professional growth and resilience -- 2. SDL can help maintain a versatile and up-to-date skill set -- 3. SDL can help foster a culture of innovation and collaboration --- # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 320 512" style="height:1em;width:0.62em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M16 144a144 144 0 1 1 288 0A144 144 0 1 1 16 144zM160 80c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16s-7.2-16-16-16c-53 0-96 43-96 96c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16s16-7.2 16-16c0-35.3 28.7-64 64-64zM128 480V317.1c10.4 1.9 21.1 2.9 32 2.9s21.6-1 32-2.9V480c0 17.7-14.3 32-32 32s-32-14.3-32-32z"/></svg> Implications <img src="img/context-aware.png" width="600px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ### Context-Aware Self-Teaching 1. **Start:** <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 320 512" style="height:1em;width:0.62em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M16 144a144 144 0 1 1 288 0A144 144 0 1 1 16 144zM160 80c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16s-7.2-16-16-16c-53 0-96 43-96 96c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16s16-7.2 16-16c0-35.3 28.7-64 64-64zM128 480V317.1c10.4 1.9 21.1 2.9 32 2.9s21.6-1 32-2.9V480c0 17.7-14.3 32-32 32s-32-14.3-32-32z"/></svg> Goal + <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 576 512" style="height:1em;width:1.12em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M575.8 255.5c0 18-15 32.1-32 32.1h-32l.7 160.2c.2 35.5-28.5 64.3-64 64.3H128.1c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V287.6H32c-18 0-32-14-32-32.1c0-9 3-17 10-24L266.4 8c7-7 15-8 22-8s15 2 21 7L564.8 231.5c8 7 12 15 11 24zM352 224a64 64 0 1 0 -128 0 64 64 0 1 0 128 0zm-96 96c-44.2 0-80 35.8-80 80c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16H384c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16c0-44.2-35.8-80-80-80H256z"/></svg> Context 2. **Practice:** <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 320 512" style="height:1em;width:0.62em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M160 48a48 48 0 1 1 96 0 48 48 0 1 1 -96 0zM126.5 199.3c-1 .4-1.9 .8-2.9 1.2l-8 3.5c-16.4 7.3-29 21.2-34.7 38.2l-2.6 7.8c-5.6 16.8-23.7 25.8-40.5 20.2s-25.8-23.7-20.2-40.5l2.6-7.8c11.4-34.1 36.6-61.9 69.4-76.5l8-3.5c20.8-9.2 43.3-14 66.1-14c44.6 0 84.8 26.8 101.9 67.9L281 232.7l21.4 10.7c15.8 7.9 22.2 27.1 14.3 42.9s-27.1 22.2-42.9 14.3L247 287.3c-10.3-5.2-18.4-13.8-22.8-24.5l-9.6-23-19.3 65.5 49.5 54c5.4 5.9 9.2 13 11.2 20.8l23 92.1c4.3 17.1-6.1 34.5-23.3 38.8s-34.5-6.1-38.8-23.3l-22-88.1-70.7-77.1c-14.8-16.1-20.3-38.6-14.7-59.7l16.9-63.5zM68.7 398l25-62.4c2.1 3 4.5 5.8 7 8.6l40.7 44.4-14.5 36.2c-2.4 6-6 11.5-10.6 16.1L54.6 502.6c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0s-12.5-32.8 0-45.3L68.7 398z"/></svg> Exploration + <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 640 512" style="height:1em;width:1.25em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M64 64a64 64 0 1 1 128 0A64 64 0 1 1 64 64zM25.9 233.4C29.3 191.9 64 160 105.6 160h44.8c27 0 51 13.4 65.5 34.1c-2.7 1.9-5.2 4-7.5 6.3l-64 64c-21.9 21.9-21.9 57.3 0 79.2L192 391.2V464c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H112c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V348.3c-26.5-9.5-44.7-35.8-42.2-65.6l4.1-49.3zM448 64a64 64 0 1 1 128 0A64 64 0 1 1 448 64zM431.6 200.4c-2.3-2.3-4.9-4.4-7.5-6.3c14.5-20.7 38.6-34.1 65.5-34.1h44.8c41.6 0 76.3 31.9 79.7 73.4l4.1 49.3c2.5 29.8-15.7 56.1-42.2 65.6V464c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H496c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V391.2l47.6-47.6c21.9-21.9 21.9-57.3 0-79.2l-64-64zM272 240v32h96V240c0-9.7 5.8-18.5 14.8-22.2s19.3-1.7 26.2 5.2l64 64c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-64 64c-6.9 6.9-17.2 8.9-26.2 5.2s-14.8-12.5-14.8-22.2V336H272v32c0 9.7-5.8 18.5-14.8 22.2s-19.3 1.7-26.2-5.2l-64-64c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l64-64c6.9-6.9 17.2-8.9 26.2-5.2s14.8 12.5 14.8 22.2z"/></svg> Supports 3. **Assess:** <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M0 256a256 256 0 1 1 512 0A256 256 0 1 1 0 256zM288 96a32 32 0 1 0 -64 0 32 32 0 1 0 64 0zM256 416c35.3 0 64-28.7 64-64c0-17.4-6.9-33.1-18.1-44.6L366 161.7c5.3-12.1-.2-26.3-12.3-31.6s-26.3 .2-31.6 12.3L257.9 288c-.6 0-1.3 0-1.9 0c-35.3 0-64 28.7-64 64s28.7 64 64 64zM176 144a32 32 0 1 0 -64 0 32 32 0 1 0 64 0zM96 288a32 32 0 1 0 0-64 32 32 0 1 0 0 64zm352-32a32 32 0 1 0 -64 0 32 32 0 1 0 64 0z"/></svg> Maintenance of Difficulty Level + <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#782F40;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M.2 468.9C2.7 493.1 23.1 512 48 512l96 0 320 0c26.5 0 48-21.5 48-48l0-96c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48l-48 0 0 80c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-80-64 0 0 80c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-80-64 0 0 80c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16s-16-7.2-16-16l0-80-80 0c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16s7.2-16 16-16l80 0 0-64-80 0c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16s7.2-16 16-16l80 0 0-64-80 0c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16s7.2-16 16-16l80 0 0-48c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48L48 0C21.5 0 0 21.5 0 48L0 368l0 96c0 1.7 .1 3.3 .2 4.9z"/></svg> Evaluation --- class: inverse, center, middle # <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 320 512" style="height:1em;width:0.62em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M80 160c0-35.3 28.7-64 64-64h32c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64v3.6c0 21.8-11.1 42.1-29.4 53.8l-42.2 27.1c-25.2 16.2-40.4 44.1-40.4 74V320c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32s32-14.3 32-32v-1.4c0-8.2 4.2-15.8 11-20.2l42.2-27.1c36.6-23.6 58.8-64.1 58.8-107.7V160c0-70.7-57.3-128-128-128H144C73.3 32 16 89.3 16 160c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32s32-14.3 32-32zm80 320a40 40 0 1 0 0-80 40 40 0 1 0 0 80z"/></svg> <br><br> Questions **What would you like to know more about?** <hr> <br><br><br><br> **Bret Staudt Willet | Zhongyu Wang | Jiabei Xu** <br><br> Florida State University <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M64 112c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16v22.1L220.5 291.7c20.7 17 50.4 17 71.1 0L464 150.1V128c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16H64zM48 212.2V384c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16H448c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16V212.2L322 328.8c-38.4 31.5-93.7 31.5-132 0L48 212.2zM0 128C0 92.7 28.7 64 64 64H448c35.3 0 64 28.7 64 64V384c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64H64c-35.3 0-64-28.7-64-64V128z"/></svg> [bret.staudtwillet@fsu.edu](mailto:bret.staudtwillet@fsu.edu) | <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M352 256c0 22.2-1.2 43.6-3.3 64H163.3c-2.2-20.4-3.3-41.8-3.3-64s1.2-43.6 3.3-64H348.7c2.2 20.4 3.3 41.8 3.3 64zm28.8-64H503.9c5.3 20.5 8.1 41.9 8.1 64s-2.8 43.5-8.1 64H380.8c2.1-20.6 3.2-42 3.2-64s-1.1-43.4-3.2-64zm112.6-32H376.7c-10-63.9-29.8-117.4-55.3-151.6c78.3 20.7 142 77.5 171.9 151.6zm-149.1 0H167.7c6.1-36.4 15.5-68.6 27-94.7c10.5-23.6 22.2-40.7 33.5-51.5C239.4 3.2 248.7 0 256 0s16.6 3.2 27.8 13.8c11.3 10.8 23 27.9 33.5 51.5c11.6 26 20.9 58.2 27 94.7zm-209 0H18.6C48.6 85.9 112.2 29.1 190.6 8.4C165.1 42.6 145.3 96.1 135.3 160zM8.1 192H131.2c-2.1 20.6-3.2 42-3.2 64s1.1 43.4 3.2 64H8.1C2.8 299.5 0 278.1 0 256s2.8-43.5 8.1-64zM194.7 446.6c-11.6-26-20.9-58.2-27-94.6H344.3c-6.1 36.4-15.5 68.6-27 94.6c-10.5 23.6-22.2 40.7-33.5 51.5C272.6 508.8 263.3 512 256 512s-16.6-3.2-27.8-13.8c-11.3-10.8-23-27.9-33.5-51.5zM135.3 352c10 63.9 29.8 117.4 55.3 151.6C112.2 482.9 48.6 426.1 18.6 352H135.3zm358.1 0c-30 74.1-93.6 130.9-171.9 151.6c25.5-34.2 45.2-87.7 55.3-151.6H493.4z"/></svg> [bretsw.com](https://bretsw.com/) | <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 496 512" style="height:1em;width:0.97em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#fff;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M165.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6zm-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3zm44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9zM244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8zM97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1zm-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7zm32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1zm-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9 1.6 2.3 4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3 1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2z"/></svg> [GitHub](https://github.com/bretsw/)